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Leadership is a big, vague, amorphous topic. We can write about great leaders at great length. But practically speaking, how do you become one?
“领导力”是一个宏大、模糊而虚无的话题，我们可以为优秀的领导者写出连篇累牍的传记。但讲点实在的，你自己怎样才能成为一名优秀的领导者呢？
A good start is to focus on leadership styles. Daniel Goleman, who popularized the notion of "emotional intelligence"， has described the following six different styles that leaders use to motivate others。
首先最好是关注领导方式。推广了“情商”概念的戈尔曼(Daniel Goleman)，曾把领导者用以激励他人的方式归为后面说到的六类。
Our view is these are not mutually exclusive. You don t need to adopt one and ignore the others. Rather, the best leaders move among these styles, using the one that meets the needs of the moment. Think of them all as part of your management repertoire。
我们的观点是，这些方式并非相互排斥。你不需要采用一种而忽略其他。相反，最优秀的领导者不会总是选择某一种方式，而是哪种方式能满足当下的需要，就采用哪种方式。你要把这些方式当成自己整个管理艺术的一部分。
1.Visionary. This style is most appropriate when an organization needs a new direction. Its goal is to move people towards a new set of shared dreams. "Visionary leaders articulate where a group is going, but not how it will get there - setting people free to innovate, experiment, take calculated risks," writes Goleman.
愿景式(Visionary)。当一个组织需要有新的方向时，这种方式最为合适。它的目的是鼓动人们朝着一系列新的共同愿景而前进。戈尔曼写道，愿景式领导者为团队指明前进目标，而不是到达目标的方式，这让人们能够充分地创新、历炼、承担可能的风险。
2.Coaching. This one-on-one style focuses on developing individuals, showing them how to improve their performance, and helping to connect their goals to the goals of the organization. Coaching works best with employees who show initiative and want more professional development. But it can backfire if it s perceived as "micromanaging" an employee, and undermines his or her self-confidence.
辅导式(Coaching)。这种一对一的方式侧重的是人员的培养，教他们学会怎样提升绩效，并帮助他们把个人目标与组织目标结合起来。在显示出主动性、希望在专业上进一步提升的员工身上，辅导发挥的作用最大。但如果被视为一种婆婆妈妈的管理方式，可能会适得其反，并损伤员工的自信心。
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